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Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
What is ICSI and what is the difference between ICSI and in vitro fertilization (IVF)?
In the IVF process, eggs are placed with sperm in dishes, and left in an incubator, to allow fertilization to occur.
Now with scientific progress, the more precise ICSI procedure, in which the egg is injected with the sperm under a microscope, increases the success rate.
Process steps
1- Stimulate ovulation with the appropriate stimulation protocol to produce the largest number of mature eggs.
2- Retrieval of eggs after measuring the follicles until the eggs reach the appropriate size and maturity.
3- Injecting each mature egg under a microscope with a single sperm, then placing it in the incubators and following the fertilization process and dividing the embryos.
4- The embryos are returned on the third or fifth day after fertilization, or all the embryos are frozen for transfer another time.
When is ICSI performed?
– In cases of infertility due to blockage of the fallopian tube.
– In the case of low sperm count or motility, or the absence of sperm in the semen.
– In cases of unexplained infertility.
Advantages of ICSI:
1-Increasing pregnancy success rates
2-Pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS) technology, where the embryos are examined for any defect in the number or structure of chromosomes or sex selection before the embryos are returned to exclude abnormal embryos, which increases success rates.
This technique suggests examining chromosomes for the following cases:
– Repeating failed ICSI experiments
– Chromosomal abnormalities are common in fetuses
– ICSI experiences after the age of forty
One of the disadvantages of this technique is that the embryo transfer process may be canceled if all of the embryos examined are abnormal, in which case the woman performs another experiment until she obtains a chromosomally normal embryo to be transferred.